The scared is a brief selfreport instrument intended for youth, 818 years old, and their parents to complete in about 10. Pdf anxiety sensitivity in childhood and adolescence. The current study presents a novel measure of this construct, the parent sensitivity to child anxiety index pscai, and an initial evaluation of its psychometric properties. Using the threshold score of 10, the gad7 has a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 82% for gad. Adaptive behavior, journal of contextual behavioral science, learning disability quarterly, integrative psychological and behavioral science, journal of sexual aggression. Anxiety sensitivity has a hierarchical structure, consisting of multiple lower order factors, loading on a single high order factor 10. The childhood anxiety sensitivity index5 is an 18item selfreport tool designed to measure the fear of different symptoms of anxiety in children and adolescents. Among children 12 years and older, the casi was found to predict unique variance in trait anxiety beyond simpler constructs of physical distress or fear. To date, only two studies on american samples have examined the bifactor. Jan 17, 2020 this anxiety test or anxiety screening quiz will quickly help you determine whether you may be suffering from an anxiety disorder. Daleiden university of tulsa this study examined the item properties, factor structure, and convergent, discrimi nant, and incremental validity of items on the childhood anxiety sensitivity.
Jul 01, 2002 this study examines the factor structure underlying the anxiety sensitivity index for children asic, j anxiety disord, 12 1998 307 in an adolescent sample. Take part in activities that give you pleasure, make you. Anxiety sensitivity has a hierarchical structure, consisting of multiple lower order factors, loading on a. Behavior therapy 31,32%349, 2000 properties of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index in children with anxiety disorders. Anxiety sensitivity as a construct is the belief that. To assess anxiety sensitiv ity with schoolaged children, the childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi was developed by silverman, fleisig, rabian, and. The current study investigated the putative relationship between loneliness and anxiety sensitivity as. J anxiety disord, 12 1998 307 in an adolescent sample. This study describes the psychometric properties of the childrens separation anxiety scale csas, which assesses separation anxiety symptoms in childhood. This study examines the factor structure underlying the anxiety sensitivity index for children asic. A key trait in most panic patients is anxiety about the symptoms of being anxious. The present study was conducted to examine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the asir.
Frontiers examining the hierarchical influences of the big. Anxiety sensitivity as is the fear of anxiety related sensations based on beliefs about their harmful consequences. The childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi 23 is an 18item scale that measures the tendency to view anxietyrelated bodily sensations as dangerous. Dec 20, 2016 the child anxiety sensitivity index is an 18item scale which measures anxiety sensitivity by asking children to state how aversely they view anxiety symptoms. Presents a scale for measuring anxiety sensitivity i. The questionnaire was developed by boris birmaher, suneeta khetarpal, marlane cully, david brent, and sandra mackenzie in 1997. Converging lines of evidence suggest that anxiety sensitivity and fear of pain may be important vulnerability factors in the development of avoidance behaviours and disability in adults with chronic pain. It has been reported in research to distinguish panic patients and those displaying symptoms of hyperventilation syndrome from.
Evidence in the research literature suggests that adults who have a high level of anxiety sensitivity combined with a high level of the more traditionally recognised trait anxiety. Generalized anxiety disorder 7item gad7 scale over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by the following problems. For instance when my stomach hurts, i worry that i might really be sick. The anxiety sensitivity index revised asir is a revised and expanded version of the asi that was developed to improve the assessment of as and its dimensions. When used as a screening tool, further evaluation is recommended when the score is 10 or greater. The childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi is a widely version of the asi for children with the addition of two items 5. When my child complains about aches and pains, i worry. Methods 66 children 812 years and adolescents 18 years with chronic pain completed measures assessing pain intensity, as childhood anxiety sensitivity index, somatization child somatization inventory, and hrqol pediatric quality of life inventory 4. These findings suggest that anxiety sensitivity, a significant. Autonomic and nonautonomic factors bruce e chorpita university of hawaii eric l. The pscai was designed to measure parents sensitivity to their childs anxiety symptoms and experiences. Items assess the extent to which children interpret anxiety symptoms as having negative physical, mental and social consequences e.
This selfreferential problem is often called a vicious circle and is akin to fear of fear. However, the extant literature has provided mixed findings as to whether parent anxiety sensitivity is associated with child anxiety. Children completed the childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi. Cognitive vulnerabilities for depression and anxiety in. Investigated the phenomenon of anxiety sensitivity in children diagnosed with anxiety disorders using the child,4nxiety sensitivity index casi. Factor analysis revealed a threefactor structure consisting of parents concern for physical symptoms, concern of social evaluation, and fear of anxiety symptoms. Adaptation of the anxiety sensitivity index for children to turkish. Scores of 5, 10, and 15 are taken as the cutoff points for mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively. The use of a fda cleared, drugfree, breathing system for. Daleiden university of tulsa this study examined the item properties, factor structure, and convergent, discrimi nant, and incremental validity of items on. Pdf childhood anxiety sensitivity index factors predict unique. Anxiety sensitivity index please rate each item by selecting one of the five answers for each question. Items are scored on a 3point scale none, some, a lot. Reliability and convergent validity of the childhood anxiety.
Data was analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. The middle of the scale signifies neither agreement nor disagreement. Factor analysis of the asic items resulted in a twofactor structure that is similar to that. Development and initial validation of the anxiety sensitivity index3. The childhood anxiety sensitivity index 5 is an 18item selfreport tool designed to measure the fear of different symptoms of anxiety in children and adolescents. Identifying moderators of the link between parent and child. It takes less than a minute to complete and youll be provided.
The most widely used is the anxiety sensitivity index, which asks people to affirm or deny statements like unusual body sensations scare me. Factor structure, reliability and validity of this scale in a. The role of parental anxiety sensitivity in parent reports. The child s total anxiety sensitivity score is the sum of his or her points. To examine the relationships among anxiety sensitivity, fear of pain and. The child anxiety sensitivity index is an 18item scale which measures anxiety sensitivity by asking children to state how aversely they view anxiety symptoms. Persistent fear and anxiety can affect young childrens. The factor structure of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index in german children carmen adornetto a, manuela hensdiek b, andrea meyer a, tina inalbon a, matthias federer c, silvia schneider a, a department of psychology, university of basel, switzerland b psychotherapiepraxis, berlin, germany c psychologische praxis, zu. Find a relaxation exercise that you can practice daily or multiple times per week.
Three samples of equal size n 73 of children and adolescents. Outcome measure spence childrens anxiety scale scas sensitivity to change yes population paediatrics domain psychological status type of measure parentreport, selfreport icfcodes b1 description the spence childrens anxiety scale scas was developed to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms broadly in line with the dimensions of anxiety. Adjust your lifestyle to make it less busy, hectic, and rushed. Threehundredandeight adolescents, aged 12 to 18, completed the asic and measures of anxiety and depression. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to comparatively evaluate twofactor, threefactor, and four. Child and parent measures were derived using the child anxiety sensitivity index, the multidimensional anxiety scale for children, the anxiety sensitivity index, the symptom checklist90revised, and the family environment scale. Research examining the latent structure of as has converged on a higherorder solution with as at the apex and three lowerorder.
Le childhood anxiety sensitivity indexrevised casir. Objective to examine relationships among trait anxiety sensitivity, state taskspecific anticipatory anxiety, and laboratory pain responses in healthy children and adolescents. The child anxiety sensitivity index c2asi is an 18item scale, modified from the as1 by peterson and reiss. Reciprocal links between anxiety sensitivity and obsessive. The child anxiety sensitivity index casi and the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders scared questionnaire were used. The role of parental anxiety sensitivity in parent reports of.
Persistent fear and anxiety can affect young childrens learning and development. Each item is rated on a 3point scale none, some, a lot. The current study examined the anxiety sensitivity construct in a large sample of normal dutch adolescents aged 16 years n 819. Outcome measure spence childrens anxiety scale scas. Evidence from factor analytic studies on the adult anxiety sensitivity index asi.
Anxiety sensitivity in children is usually investigated with the. The child is to mark either none i, some 2, or a lot 3 to each item. Parents and children n202, aged 617years completed child and parent versions of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi child and casip parent as well as instruments assessing fears and manifest anxiety. However, the extant literature has provided mixed findings as to whether parent anxiety sensitivity is associated. Relations between anxiety sensitivity, somatization, and.
Childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi ones anxious. The anxiety sensitivity indexrevised article pdf available in assessment 162. However, these factors have not been evaluated in children with chronic pain. The present investigation examined the factor structure, internal consistency, and construct validity of the 16item anxiety sensitivity index asi. Properties of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index in children with. Pdf adaptation of the anxiety sensitivity index for. The multifactorial nature of anxiety sensitivity as in children has been assessed almost solely with the childhood anxiety sensitivity index. Identifying moderators of the link between parent and. Subscribe to harvard health online for immediate access to health news and information from harvard medical school. The anxiety sensitivity index revised, is a measure of the basic dimensions and hierarchic structure of anxiety sensitivity. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to comparatively evaluate twofactor, threefactor, and fourfactor models of the anxiety. Anxiety sensitivity as, namely the fear of anxiety symptoms, has been described as a precursor of subthreshold anxiety levels.
The factor structure of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index in. Reliability and convergent validity of the childhood. Considerations for children with anxiety disorders. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires independently and return them to the investigators. Child anxiety sensitivity index casi order form pdf word steven reiss wrote the original anxiety sensitivity index asi in 1983 as a means of testing reisss 1980 information processing model of pavlovian conditioning and expectations in fear. Identification of anxiety sensitivity classes and clinical. Obsessivecompulsive scale of the child behavior checklist. Anxiety sensitivity, the fear of anxiety related bodily sensations, is a recently ldentified construct, which has become part of the conceptualisation of anxiety. Jun 01, 2007 child and parent measures were derived using the child anxiety sensitivity index, the multidimensional anxiety scale for children, the anxiety sensitivity index, the symptom checklist90revised, and the family environment scale. Despite its status as the most popular measure of as, the anxiety sensitivity index is too abbreviated to adequately measure the somatic, cognitive, and social facets of the construct.
Examples are progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, mindfulness, and deep breathing. The casi is shown to have sound psychometric properties for both a normal and a clinical sample. This modification was made to facilitate understanding of the questionnaire by children and adolescents. Anxiety sensitivity index an overview sciencedirect topics. Screen for child anxiety related disorders wikipedia. Participants in study 1 were 1,908 schoolchildren aged between 8 and 11. Role of anticipatory anxiety and anxiety sensitivity in. Journal of clinical child psychology, 20, 162168 and measures of trait anxiety, anxiety disorder. Sample items include, when my stomach hurts, i worry that i might really be sick. Properties of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index in. A large sample of children and adolescents with anxiety disorders n 228 was administered semistructured clinical interviews and selfreport measures of. A psychometric evaluation of the revised childhood anxiety. Exploratory factor analysis identified four factors.
The factor structure of the childhood anxiety sensitivity. The screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders scared is a selfreport screening questionnaire for anxiety disorders. Relaxation skills for anxiety university of michigan. Taylor s, zvolensky mj, cox bj, deacon b, heimberg rg, ledley dr, stewart sh. It includes 36 questions to be answered using a scale from 1 to 5 where 1 represents strong disagreement and 5 represents strong agreement. Mild anxiety is vague and unsettling, while severe anxiety can be extremely debilitating, having a serious impact on daily life. Anxiety and depressive symptoms and anxiety sensitivity in.
In children and adolescents, as is usually measured. The anxiety sensitivity index asi is a 16item scale developed to differentiate two kinds of anxiety. Gender differences in childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi. Frontiers factor structure and psychometric properties. Efficacy of applied relaxation and cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. In addition to these preventive measures, there also. Environmental factors key in anxiety disorders mdedge. Anxiety sensitivity as is defined as the fear of anxiety and of arousalrelated bodily sensations, arising from erroneous beliefs that these sensations will have adverse consequences. The kasi is the german translation of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi measur ing anxiety sensitivity in children and adolescents. This anxiety test or anxiety screening quiz will quickly help you determine whether you may be suffering from an anxiety disorder. As plays a key role both in the onset and in the maintenance of several disorders, particularly anxiety disorders. This study examines the factor structure underlying the anxiety sensitivity index for children asic, j anxiety disord, 12 1998 307 in an adolescent sample. A substantial body of literature suggests that anxiety sensitivity is a risk factor for the development of anxiety problems and research has now begun to examine the links between parenting, parent anxiety sensitivity and their childs anxiety sensitivity. Socially embedded, normal, and lonely participants n308 completed 4 reliable and valid measures, revised ucla loneliness scale, the state trait anxiety inventory trait scale stait, anxiety sensitivity index asi, and fear questionnaire fq.
Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology. Childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi this is an 18item scale designed to measure a childs tendency to view anxietyrelated bodily sensations as dangerous or fear invoking. Anxiety sensitivity index revised psychology wiki fandom. Parent reports of their childs panic and separation anxiety symptoms were significantly related to not only parental anxiety sensitivity r. The anxiety sensitivity index asi is the main instrument used to assess as in adults 4.
The parent sensitivity to child anxiety index springerlink. The childs total anxiety sensitivity score is the sum of his or her points. Pdf anxiety sensitivity as is an established cognitive risk factor for anxiety disorders. Factor analysis of the asic items resulted in a twofactor structure that is similar to that reported by laurent et al. A french translation of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index casi. Parents play a substantial role in shaping childrens emotional health, particularly in early childhood. To create an obsessivecompulsive disorder subscale ocs of the child behavior checklist cbcl and to determine its internal consistency, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive power to identify obsessivecompulsive disorder ocd in children and adolescents.
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